What diseases can vaccines protect my child from, and what is the recommended vaccination schedule?
Recommended Immunization Schedule for Children in India (IAP)
| Age | Vaccine | Route of Administration | Dose |
|---|---|---|---|
| At Birth | BCG | Intradermal | 0.05 ml |
| At Birth | Hepatitis B (Birth Dose) | Intramuscular | 0.5 ml |
| 6 Weeks | Rotavirus (RV) | Oral | As per vaccine |
| 6 Weeks | Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) or Fractional IPV (fIPV) | Intramuscular/Intradermal | 0.5 ml/0.1ml |
| 6 Weeks | Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine | Intramuscular | 0.5 ml |
| 6 Weeks | Hib-containing vaccine | Intramuscular | 0.5 ml |
| 10 Weeks | Rotavirus (RV) | Oral | As per vaccine |
| 10 Weeks | Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) or Fractional IPV (fIPV) | Intramuscular/Intradermal | 0.5 ml/0.1ml |
| 10 Weeks | Hib-containing vaccine | Intramuscular | 0.5 ml |
| 14 Weeks | Rotavirus (RV) | Oral | As per vaccine |
| 14 Weeks | Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) or Fractional IPV (fIPV) | Intramuscular/Intradermal | 0.5 ml/0.1ml |
| 14 Weeks | Hib-containing vaccine | Intramuscular | 0.5 ml |
| 6 Months | Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine | Intramuscular | 0.5 ml |
| 6 Months and Annually | Influenza | Intramuscular | 0.25 ml (6 months to 3 years), 0.5 ml (3 years and above) |
| 9 Months | Measles/MR/MMR | Subcutaneous | 0.5 ml |
| 12 Months | Hepatitis A (1st Dose) | Intramuscular | 0.5 ml |
| 15 Months | MMR | Subcutaneous | 0.5 ml |
| 18 Months | Hepatitis A (2nd Dose) | Intramuscular | 0.5 ml |
| 4-6 Years | DTP Booster | Intramuscular | 0.5 ml |
| 4-6 Years | OPV Booster | Oral | 2 drops |
| 10-12 Years | Tdap/Td | Intramuscular | 0.5 ml |
Quick Answer
Vaccines protect your child from many serious and potentially life-threatening diseases like polio, tetanus, measles, and whooping cough.
Following the recommended vaccination schedule ensures your child develops immunity at the right time, reducing their risk of infection.
Talk to your pediatrician to create a vaccination plan that's right for your child.
Recommended Practices
Follow the Recommended Immunization Schedule
Adhere to the immunization schedule recommended by the Indian Academy of Pediatrics.
This schedule is designed to provide protection at the ages when your child is most vulnerable to these diseases.
Don't delay or skip vaccines without consulting your doctor.
Keep a Vaccination Record
Maintain a record of all the vaccines your child receives.
This record is important for tracking your child's immunization history and for future reference, especially when changing doctors or during school admissions.
You can use a physical card or a digital app to keep track.
Get Vaccinated During Pregnancy
Certain vaccines, like the Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis) vaccine, are recommended during pregnancy.
This helps protect your newborn from whooping cough in the first few months of life, before they can receive their own vaccination.
Talk to your doctor about which vaccines are safe and recommended during pregnancy.
Ensure All Caregivers Are Vaccinated
Make sure that everyone who comes into close contact with your baby, including parents, grandparents, and caregivers, are up-to-date on their vaccinations, especially against influenza and pertussis.
This helps create a 'cocoon' of protection around your baby.
Monitor for Side Effects
After vaccination, monitor your child for any mild side effects, such as fever, pain, or redness at the injection site.
These are usually temporary and resolve on their own.
If you notice any severe or unusual symptoms, consult your doctor immediately.
Stay Informed About Vaccine Updates
Vaccination recommendations may change over time based on new research and disease patterns.
Stay informed about any updates to the immunization schedule or new vaccines that may be recommended for your child.
Your pediatrician is the best source of information on vaccine updates.
What to Avoid
Delaying or Skipping Vaccines Based on Misinformation
Avoid delaying or skipping vaccines based on misinformation or unfounded fears.
Vaccines are rigorously tested and proven safe and effective.
Consult your doctor if you have any concerns about vaccine safety.
Using Unproven Remedies to Prevent Diseases
Do not rely on unproven remedies or traditional practices to prevent diseases that are vaccine-preventable.
While traditional medicine may have a role in supportive care, it cannot replace the protection offered by vaccines.
Ignoring Fever After Vaccination
While a mild fever after vaccination is common, do not ignore it, especially in young infants.
Consult your doctor to rule out other possible causes and to receive guidance on managing the fever safely.
Paracetamol drops as prescribed by your doctor can help.
Assuming Natural Immunity Is Always Better
While natural infection can provide immunity, it often comes at a high risk of serious complications. Vaccines provide immunity without exposing your child to the dangers of the disease itself.
Sharing Needles or Syringes
Never share needles or syringes for vaccination or any other purpose.
This can spread serious infections like hepatitis B and HIV.
Always ensure that sterile, single-use needles and syringes are used for each injection.
Believing Vaccines Cause Autism
The myth that vaccines cause autism has been thoroughly debunked by numerous scientific studies.
There is no evidence to support this claim.
Focus on protecting your child with safe and effective vaccines.
Common Scenarios and Solutions
My baby has a mild fever after vaccination. What should I do?
Give your baby paracetamol drops as prescribed by your doctor.
Dress your baby in light clothing and keep them cool.
Offer frequent breastfeeding or formula.
If the fever persists for more than 24 hours or is accompanied by other symptoms, consult your doctor.
I missed one of my child's vaccination appointments. What should I do?
Contact your doctor to reschedule the vaccination as soon as possible.
In most cases, you can pick up where you left off without having to start the series over.
Your doctor will advise you on the best course of action.
My child is allergic to eggs. Can they still get the flu vaccine?
Most flu vaccines are now safe for people with egg allergies.
However, it's important to inform your doctor about your child's allergy before vaccination.
They may recommend a specific type of flu vaccine or take extra precautions during administration.
I'm traveling abroad with my baby. Do they need any additional vaccinations?
Consult your doctor or a travel clinic at least 4-6 weeks before your trip.
They can advise you on any additional vaccinations or precautions that may be necessary based on your destination and your baby's age and health.
Similar Questions Parents Ask
Are vaccines safe for my baby?
Yes, vaccines are rigorously tested and proven safe and effective. The benefits of vaccination far outweigh the risks of side effects.
Can my child get multiple vaccines at the same time?
Yes, it is safe and effective for your child to receive multiple vaccines at the same time. This reduces the number of visits to the doctor and ensures timely protection.
Do vaccines cause autism?
No, numerous scientific studies have shown that there is no link between vaccines and autism.
Where can I get my child vaccinated in India?
You can get your child vaccinated at government hospitals, private clinics, and many community health centers across India. Talk to your doctor to find a convenient vaccination provider near you.
Signs to Consult Immediately
High fever (above 102°F or 39°C) after vaccination
Seizures or convulsions
Difficulty breathing or wheezing
Severe allergic reaction (hives, swelling of the face or throat)
Unusual bleeding or bruising
Lethargy or unresponsiveness
Detailed Explanation
Vaccines work by stimulating your child's immune system to produce antibodies against specific diseases.
When your child is exposed to the disease in the future, their immune system will be ready to fight it off, preventing them from getting sick or reducing the severity of the illness.
This is much safer than getting the disease itself, which can lead to serious complications.
The recommended vaccination schedule is designed to provide protection at the ages when your child is most vulnerable to certain diseases.
For example, the rotavirus vaccine is given in infancy because rotavirus infection is most common and severe in young babies.
Similarly, the MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, and rubella) is given around 12 months of age because babies are no longer protected by their mother's antibodies at that age.
It's normal for babies to have some mild side effects after vaccination, such as fever, pain, or redness at the injection site.
These side effects are usually temporary and resolve on their own within a day or two.
You can give your child paracetamol drops as prescribed by your doctor to help relieve fever or pain.
If you notice any severe or unusual symptoms, such as a high fever, seizures, or difficulty breathing, consult your doctor immediately.
The vaccination schedule may need to be adjusted for premature babies or those with certain health conditions.
Premature babies may receive some vaccines later than full-term babies, depending on their weight and overall health.
Children with weakened immune systems may also need a modified vaccination schedule.
Your doctor will advise you on the best vaccination plan for your child's individual needs.
In India, it's important to consider the seasonal variations when planning your child's vaccinations.
During the monsoon season, there is an increased risk of waterborne diseases like hepatitis A and typhoid.
Make sure your child is vaccinated against these diseases, especially if you live in an area with poor sanitation.
During the winter months, influenza is more common, so it's important to get your child vaccinated against the flu every year.
Vaccination is not just about protecting your own child; it's also about protecting the community.
When a large percentage of the population is vaccinated, it creates 'herd immunity,' which protects those who cannot be vaccinated, such as babies who are too young or people with weakened immune systems.
By vaccinating your child, you are helping to protect everyone in your community from these diseases.
Sources
Indian Sources
The official immunization schedule recommended by the Indian Academy of Pediatrics.
Research articles and guidelines on pediatric health, including immunization.
International Sources
Information on global immunization programs and vaccine-preventable diseases.
Comprehensive information on vaccines and immunization for parents.
UNICEF's work on immunization to protect children from vaccine-preventable diseases.
Recommended Reading for Parents
A comprehensive guide to child care, including information on vaccinations. Available in India.
Website of the American Academy of Pediatrics with articles and resources on child health, including immunization.